An error in the way that the Windows kernel handles string atoms when registering a new window class allows unprivileged users to re-register atoms of privileged applications. This vulnerability can be exploited by local unprivileged users to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges. This exploit will lock the machine screen (similar to pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del and then clicking on 'Lock this computer'), and the windows theming will be disabled until the machine is restarted.
This module uses two different strategies to bypass UAC. The first strategy uses the ICMLuaUtil elevated COM interface to execute a new agent with high integrity level. This method works on 32-bit systems, from Windows 7 up to the latest version. The second one leverages on the Program Compatibility Assistant (PCA) and environment variables expansion to perform a Dll hijack and run a new agent with high integrity level. This method works on 64-bit systems, from Windows 7 up to the latest version, and it is compatible with the highest UAC level (Always Notify).
The .NET Runtime Optimization Service, part of the .NET Framework, is prone to a privilege escalation vulnerability, which can be exploited by some local non-admin users to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges. This exploit relies on a flaw on the file permissions of the service's executable file that allows it to be overwritten by some non-admin users. This module can be used from agents running with "Super User" privileges.
An error in the way the GetSanitizedParametersFromNonQuotedCmdLine() function in the Internet Explorer broker process handles command-line arguments when trying to launch a program can be exploited to escape from the Internet Explorer Protected Mode/Enhanced Protected Mode sandbox. This module allows an agent running in the context of iexplore.exe with Low Integrity Level/AppContainer Integrity Level to escalate privileges in order to install a new agent that will run with Medium Integrity Level.