The internal string handling functions of the Exim software contain a function called string_format(). The version of this function included with Exim versions prior to 4.70 contains a flaw that can result in a buffer overflow. This module exploits the vulnerability to install an agent. Additionally, this module also attempts to exploit the Alternate Configuration Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in Exim (CVE-2010-4345). If the second exploit is successful, the agent is installed with root privileges.
This vulnerability on installations of Golden FTP Server is due to a boundary error with the handling of passwords. This can be exploited to cause a stack-based buffer overflow via the use of overly long, specially-crafted passwords passed to the affected server.

The map_yp_alias function in functions/imap_general.php in SquirrelMail before 1.4.18 and NaSMail before 1.7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a username string that is used by the ypmatch program. This module works if map:map_yp_alias is set as the imap server address in config.php, which is not the default setting.